一、写作技巧
应用文写作基本原则
1. 多实少虚原则
写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不能空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。这里所说的虚就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们想表达一个人或事物很好的时候，不应该总用nice这样空洞的词，而是要使用一些诸如generous，humorous，interesting，smart，gentle，warm-hearted，hospitable
之类的形容词。这些生动形象的词语一定会让你的文章大放异彩，令人耳目一新。
① There
are many respectable (good) people around us.
② The
vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be adjusted, and we also need your guidance
(advice)on our performance.
③ She
has a flexible (good) teaching method.
④ Moreover,
the scenery along the river is amazing (nice) , with many well-known
sightseeing spots.
2. 短语优先原则
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果正确使用短语，有两个好处：一是用短语会给文章增光添彩，自然会增加得分点；二是学生在考场上有时因为过于紧张而造成思维短路，但还得凑够词数，那么用短语替代单词不失为一种好办法。比如：I cannot bear it. 可以表达为：I
cannot put up with it.这样词数明显增加，表达也非常准确。
① Through participating
in this picking activity, I have become aware of (known) the importance
of the significance of work.
② I am
determined (decide) to study hard, to be a useful person to the country and
to contribute to (help) the improvement of people's lives.
③ From this
activity, we have realized that building up our body is of great importance
(important)...
3. 表达新颖性原则
① Finn and his
friend Tom Sawyer made a plan to save Jim from the farm. At last they managed
to free (saved) Jim.
② Surrounded by
green trees, the farm is located (is) at the foot of the hill near our
school.
③ I should be available
(free) any time after school next week.
4. 避免重复原则
① When Mrs. Meredith
heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one (idea), too.
② Last Sunday, our
school held a five-kilometer cross-country running race. All students in Senior
3 took part in it (the race).
二、写作素材
1. 邀请信
开头段：
（1）问候
（2）自我介绍 （3）阐述事情
（4）写信目的
How
is everything going these days? I am Li Hua, a member of the students' union.
There is going to be an English speaking contest in our school on Sunday. Now,
I am writing to invite you to take part in the contest as our guest.
中间段：
（5）介绍细节
（6）主题和意义 （7）地点和时间
（8）人员 （9）联系方式
Here
are some details for the activity. To begin with, the theme of the contest is "Human
and Nature", which is not only meaningful but also interesting. In
addition, it will be held in Room 501 from 2:00 to 5:00 on the afternoon of June
15th. What's more, ten outstanding students will take part in the contest. Last
but not least, if you need any further information, please call me at 12345.
结尾段：
（10）盼望到来
（11）如果到来感到荣幸（12）告知我你的决定
We
are sincerely looking forward to your coming. My schoolmates and I will feel
much honored if you can make it. Please send an email to me or give me a call
to let me know your decision soon. Thank you.
【高分模板】
Dear_________,（被邀请对象）
How's
everything with you? I'm writing to tell you that there will be a _________（活动）at/in
_______（地点）on _________.（时间）I
wonder if you'd like to go with me.（发出邀请）
The
occasion will start at __________.（具体时间）This will be followed
by a __________.（进一步的安排）At around _________, （时间）_____________.（另一个安排）
If you are interested in it, let me know. Hope to meet
you at the ___________. I really hope you can make it.（再次邀请）My
phone number is ___________.（电话号码）Looking forward to
your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2. 建议信
开头段：
（1）问候 （2）自我介绍 （3）了解到的事情 （4）写信目的
How is everything going these days? I am
Li Hua, chairman of the English club. In your letter, I know that you have
difficulty in preparing for the English speaking contest, which is going to take
place on Sunday. Now, I am writing to give you a hand.
中间段：
（5）我的建议可能带来好结果（6）我建议……（7）你最好……（8）为什么不……
（9）如果我是你会……
The following suggestions carried out, things will probably become
much better. To begin with, I would like to suggest that you should practise it
before a mirror to find and correct some problems. In addition, you may as well
use short, clear and powerful words so that you can leave a deep impression on
the judges. What's more, why not ask your teacher for some guidance. Last but
not least, if I were you, I would keep smiling and even if I forget my words.
结尾段：
（10）希望建议有帮助（11）询问是否还需帮助（12）相信你能做好
Hopefully these
suggestions will be of great help to you. If there is anything else I can do
for you, please let me know as soon as possible. I'm sure you can solve your
problem before long.
【高分模板】
Dear
________,（建议对象）
I'm glad to receive
your letter asking for my advice on how to ______________.（引出对方需要建议的主题）
Here are a few
suggestions.（引出作者的建议）First, it is important to
____________. Then, it also helps to _____________. Besides, it should be a
good idea to _______________. You can also ____________.
可以根据要求用不同的句式提出建议，如下：
As to __________, I
suggest ___________（需要具体到某一方面）In addition,
_________.（其他的建议）I'm sure ______________.（预测可能的结果，给对方以行动的信心和决心）
I hope _____________（表达愿望）.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
3.
求助信
开头段：
（1）问候 （2）自我介绍
（3）有件事很棘手（4）写信目的
How is everything
going these days? I am Li Hua, an English learner from a high school. I am preparing
for an English speaking contest, but I meet with some trouble, which I can't
deal with on my own. Now, I am writing to ask you to give me a hand.
中间段：
（5）请您费心帮个忙 （6）困难一（7）困难二（8）困难三
Hopefully you would be
so kind as to give me some help on the following problems. To begin with, I
have difficulty in pronouncing correctly, which has annoyed me for quite a long
time. In addition, I find it extremely hard for me to use proper tone of voice.
Last but not least, being nervous is another terrible headache for me because I
lack the experience on this matter.
结尾段：
（9）希望您提供帮助 （10）感激不尽（11）盼望回复
Hopefully your kind
and timely help would be offered to me. I would appreciate it if you could do
me a favor. Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
【高分模板1】
Dear
Sir/Madam,
I'm ________（自我介绍）I'm
writing to get some help about _____________.（说明写信目的）
I have met many
difficulties in…（遇到的困难）First,… Besides,…What's more,…（分层次说明自己的困难）
Faced with so many
difficulties, I have to ask you for some help. Would you like to... so that...?
（请求一）In the meanwhile, I beg you to…（请求二）Also,
I would like you to. . . （请求三）I would appreciate it
if you could do me a favor and…（表示感激）
Looking forward to
your reply. (表达期望）
Yours
truly,
Li
Hua
【高分模板2】
Dear
_____,
I am writing to
formally request to __________.（请求的内容）
The reason for ___________
is that _________.（给出原因）I __________, so I
_________.（给出细节）
I would also like to
request ____________.（提出进一步的要求）I am sorry for any inconvenience
I have caused.
Thank you for your
attention to these requests. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to
contact me at ___________.（电话号码） I look forward to a favorable
reply.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
